Mesothelioma is a rare but aggressive cancer that affects the mesothelium, a thin layer of tissue that covers most internal organs. This cancer is caused by prolonged exposure to asbestos, a mineral that was widely used in construction, manufacturing, and other industries until the 1980s. In this article, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for mesothelioma.
1. What is mesothelioma?
Mesothelioma is a rare cancer that affects the mesothelium, a thin layer of tissue that covers most internal organs. This cancer is caused by exposure to asbestos, a mineral that was widely used in construction, manufacturing, and other industries until the 1980s. Mesothelioma can affect different parts of the body, but the most common type affects the lining of the lungs and chest wall, known as pleural mesothelioma.
2. Types of mesothelioma
2.1 Pleural mesothelioma
Pleural mesothelioma is the most common type of mesothelioma, accounting for about 75% of cases. This cancer affects the lining of the lungs and chest wall, causing symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and coughing.
2.2 Peritoneal mesothelioma
Peritoneal mesothelioma affects the lining of the abdomen, known as the peritoneum. This type of mesothelioma is less common than pleural mesothelioma, accounting for about 20% of cases. Symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma may include abdominal pain, swelling, and weight loss.
2.3 Pericardial mesothelioma
Pericardial mesothelioma affects the lining of the heart, known as the pericardium. This type of mesothelioma is very rare, accounting for less than 1% of cases. Symptoms of pericardial mesothelioma may include chest pain, palpitations, and shortness of breath.
2.4 Testicular mesothelioma
Testicular mesothelioma is the rarest type of mesothelioma, accounting for less than 1% of cases. This cancer affects the lining of the testicles, causing symptoms such as swelling and pain.